International relations is a field of study focused on the interaction between different countries, governments and non-state actors. It covers a wide range of topics, including diplomacy and foreign policy; international organizations such as the UN or NATO; economics and trade; war and peace; science and technology; and global health, environment and development. An interest in IR is a good fit for people who are interested in politics and government, as well as other cultures and countries. Careers in IR include working in diplomacy and foreign policy, non-governmental and international charities, or within the UN or other international institutions.
Polarity
The idea that power blocs or hegemons arise and dominate other states, often using their military and financial strength to manipulate the international system. The concept was a key driver of the Cold War and remains central to theories such as Kenneth Waltz’s neo-liberalism. A hegemon is typically considered to be the leading power in the world, although this title can change with shifts in global power.
Statehood
The belief that a specific group of people, typically defined by a common ethnicity or religion, should be recognized as having political sovereignty over a geographical area. This includes a recognition by another country of its right to exist, albeit based on the agreement that it will obey the laws of the host nation and protect civilians within its borders.
A theory that claims that most conflicts in the world today are based on differences between great powers, resulting from the competition for resources and a desire to establish hegemony. This can be augmented by the rise of non-state actors such as multinational corporations and religious, ethnic or secessionist groups.
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